This section is the last section in the TOEFL test.
The most lengthy and time-consuming most. In this section, participants must
test 50 items was working within 55 minutes. So that the average time required
to work on a problem is one minute. It's certainly longer if we compare it with
the average time to work on the structure of the questions less than 45
seconds.
In this section, there are 5 reading (passage), with a
number of questions (between 7-13 questions) underneath. The questions asked of
the information contained in the text, either explicit information (explicit)
or implicit (implied). Thus, this section marupakan actually the easiest part
because all the answers are found in the literature SURE. The important thing
is where the answers we seek it. If we are people who read the hobby, there is
a tendency to get a better score. In fact, this section can be used as 'mine
value' to cover the shortfall in the Listening and Structure Section.
To do this part well, then we must have the ability to
read a good technique. Two techniques that must be mastered reading is skimming
and scanning.
Skimming is reading a text quickly to get a basic
idea, main idea, or content of literature in general. In this skill we are not
looking for specific information, reading only the main idea that we are
looking for. So no need to read the entire piece of writing.
Scanning is fast memaca FIND a text for specific
information. So we have the first question and find answers in a way to be
scanned. In scanning, information that is not relevant to what we were looking
neglected. Thus, in a scanning, we should have to the words that we wish to
find in the literature. In general, scanning skills is what we use in working
on Reading Comprehension questions.
In the Reading Comprehension section, participants
tend to read the text first and then try to answer the question. It's not
recommended. START OF QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SCAN IN READING. So, read the text
first became ineffective in the context of scanning strategies. If we read the
text first and answer questions later, then we will go back again to the
reading to answer this question INEFFECTIVE!
There are 4 types of questions in Reading
Comprehension Section:
MAIN IDEA question: the question asks yan central
idea, main idea, theme, or title reading (reading TOEFL is not accompanied by
the title!). The number is only ONE question and generally placed as the first
question in the text.
DETAIL question: the question asking for specific
information in the text. The answer to this type of reading material contained
within EXPRESS (EXPRESS). The number of questions in each of the most widely
read.
Implied question: is a question similar to the
question detail, by way of answering that is also equal to answer detailed
questions. However, the answer to the question is found in the literature
implicitly (IMPLIED). This question is not as much as the amount of Detail
question.
Vocabulary question: is a synonym ask questions or
seek equivalent word whose meaning is closest to the word in question.
Answering this question must be guessed BASED context of the sentence. Avoid
guessing just by relying on our knowledge without checking it in the sentence
reading. Always read the sentence in which a word is asked as a whole, then
guess based on the context of the sentence. There is no other way to answer
this type of question except by guessing based on context.
Pertnyaannya then is: what if the first question
reading is the Main Idea? Questions to ask the content readings, or readings
principal idea. The answer is: MAIN QUESTIONS ANSWERED drive through IDEA, BUT
DO NOT ANSWER QUESTIONS THAN THROUGH MAIN IDEA.
This is because LAY THAN ANSWERS FROM THE MAIN IDEA
SORTED DOWN IN READING. For example, question No.. 1 is the Main Idea, but
question No.. Detail 2 is a question, then answer question No.. 2 are found in
the very first line readings. No. If the question. 3, for example, is Implied,
then the answer to this question is located below the previous question.
Continue as such until the last question. If we go back to question 1 on Main
Idea, so now we can definitely answer it, because we've read the passage from
the top to finish. But at the same time we also completed answering main idea
aside because the answer lies in the text sequences. Well, if you start working
on the third section of this by reading the text, now start working on this
section of the question is the answer then scan in the text. Now we can
estimate the location of the answer because it is sorted in the text. Easy is
not it?
Here is a detailed strategy to answer any type of
questions on Reading Comprehension Section:
MAIN IDEA QUESTION
Editorial sentence question Main Idea of which is:
What is the topic of the passage? / What is the subject of the passage? / What
is the main idea of the passage? / What is the author's main point in the
passage? / With what topic is the primary author concerned? / Which of the
following would be the best title of the passage?
If you want to answer this question without a pass,
read the first sentence in each paragraph.
Think about the theme of readings that can be inferred
from the first sentences in each paragraph.
Eliminasilah choice answer: too general, too specific,
or not at all related to the topic of reading.
The answer to the question must be fitted main idea to
explain the contents of the reading, should not be (too general in scope /
wide) or less (scope is too narrow).
exemple :
Lichens, of which more than twenty
thousand
species have been named, are complex
associations
between certain algae. The lichen
itself is not
an organism: rather it is the
morphological and biochemical
product of the association. Neither a
fungus
nor an alga alone can produce lichen.
The intimate relationship
between these two
living components of lichen was once
erroneously
though to represent mutualism. In
mutual relationships,
both participants benefit. With
lichens, however,
it appears the fungus actually
parasitizes the algae.
This is one of the conclusions drawn
from experiments
in which the two components of
lichens were separated
and grown apart.
In nature, lichen fungi may encounter
and
grow around saveral kinds of algae.
Some types of
algae the fungi may kill; other types
it may reject.
Lichen algae are autotrophic, meaning
they make their
own food through photosynthesis.
Lichen fungi are
heterotrophic, meaning they depend
upon the algae
within the lichen to supply their
food. Up to ninety
percent of than food made by the
green alga cell is
transferred to the fungus. What, if
anything, the fungus
contributes to the association is not
well understood.
Lichens are hardly. The grow in
many habitats
and are often pioneers in hostile environments
where few other organisms can
flourish.
They have been known to grow
endolithically, having been
discovered thriving inside
of rocks in Antartica. Lichen help
reduce erosion by
stabilizing soil. Saveral kinds of
insects glue lichens to
their exoskeletons for
camouflage.
Many species of birds use lichens as
building
materials for nests. Human have used
lichens for
dyes and antibiotics.
1. Which of the following best
describes lichen association?
A. Simple plants made
of two different autotrophic organims.
B. A mutual association
between a fungus and an alga
C. A parasitic
association between two fungi, one autotrophic, the second autotrophic
D. A union between a
parasitic fungus and an autotrophic alga
2. The word "hardly" in
line 26 is clossest in meaning to
A. Tender
B. Durable
C. Armed
D. Beneficial
3. In Biology, mutualism occurs when
two different organism live close together and
A. One organism
parasitizes the other
B. Both organism
benefit from the association
C. Both organism are
harmed by the association
D. One organism
benefits while the other does not or is harmed by the association
4. In line 7, the word
"intimate" is nearest in meaning to
A. living
B. Extraordinary
C. Biological
D. Close
5. Lichen serves as camouflage for
which of the following?
A. Insects
B. Birds
C. Reptiles
D. Mammals
6. The true nature of the
relationship between the lichen components was clarified by
A. Examining lichens
with a microscope
B. Observing lichens
palced in the dark
C. Observing the lichen
component when grown apart
D. Decreasing the
amount of nutrients available to the lichens
7. In line 27, the word "hostile"
is clossestnin the meaning to
A. Unusual
B. Cool
C. Untraveled
D. Inhospitable
8. An endolithic lichen is one that
A. Grows in the
canopies of trees
B. Grows inside rocks
C. Grows at very high
altitudes
D. Grows inside other
organism, including other lichens
9. Many lichens contribute at the
communities they in habits by
A. Removing pollutants
from the air
B. Controlling
wood-rotting fungi
C. Slowing the spread
of viruses
D. Reducing soil
erosion
sumber :
http://popi-irawan.blogspot.com/p/section-iii.html
http://www.kursusmudahbahasainggris.com/2013/10/contoh-soal-tes-toefl-reading.html
